Natural stone is slabs of rock milled from the earth. Each piece is unique and ranges in mild, more consistent patterns to wild exotic color and movement. Granite slabs are popular for heavy use areas, however require sealing to lower staining qualities.  Soapstone is naturally heat resistant however accepting to cuts ans scratches. To bring out the beauty and protect soapstone, it is recommenced to periodically treat with mineral oil. Natural marble is a classic European surface. While Eurpoeans view a used marble surface as a patina, most others see it as marred. Marble is accepting to small nicks and staining, so it must be sealed periodically to protect from some staining agents. 

Solid surface materials are made up of polyester or acrylic resins with mineral fillers to imitate concrete, marble and other stone materials. Solid surface is great for inlay needs and seamless looks and because of this can usually be repaired. The material is waterproof, however surface staining is possible but able to be fixed in most cases. Cultured marble is a waterproof seamless material great for bathroom applications. 

Laminate countertops are made of many layer of thick paper glued and compressed together, laminated to a core board. Laminate can be heated and formed to create a backsplash and/or front edge detail. Pattern for laminate countertops range from solid to granite-like looks. The pattern layer is can have a variety of imprinted patterns to add to the stone look. Laminates excel at resisting stains and is easy to clean. Edges and seams are visible, while certain patterns can help hide seams. Water and scratching can damage the tops if not maintained. Laminate is a cost -effective alternative to achieve a high end look on a budget.